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The American writer Douglas McGregor described two contrasting assumptions about the behaviour of employees, called theory X and theory Y.

The difference between a team and a group of people is that a team has some common purpose, goal or objective. If a work team does not achieve the required result or a meaningful result it will become frustrated. Organisations have a task to make a profit, to provide a service, or even to survive.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Motivation theories suggest that man has a “package” of needs: the best way to motivate an employee is to find out what his needs are and offer him rewards that will satisfy those needs.

Motivation is a term used in different contexts to refer to: — goals or outcomes that have become desirable for a particular individual, as in “he (or she) is motivated by money”,

In time hundreds of studies have been conducted to test the various leadership theories. One of the most comprehensive series was conducted at Ohio State University. After analysing 1,500 manager behaviour descriptions two major factors emerged by which leadership style could be described:

It is essential that management understand not only how people behave, but also why. Such knowledge is valueless, however, unless provision is also made for an environment that enables and encourages employees to achieve personal and corporate goals. The way in which a leader deals with subordinates will to a considerable degree; be determined by […]